Company cars in 2017/18
Company cars are a popular benefit and are often something
of a status symbol. But, they have also been an easy target for the taxman.
Where a company car is available for private use, the
employee is taxed on the associated benefit that this provides. The amount that
is charged to tax – the cash equivalent value – depends on the list price of
the car and the appropriate percentage.
The list price is essentially the manufacturer’s price when
new. This remains the reference point by
which the tax charge is calculated – it does not matter how much was actually
paid for the car, whether it was bought second-hand or that cars tend to
depreciate rapidly.
The appropriate percentage – the percentage of the list
price charged to tax – depends on the car’s CO2 emissions.
Adjustments are made when calculating the cash equivalent to
reflect the periods when the car was unavailable, capital contributions and
contributions to private use.
Linking the appropriate percentage to the CO2 emissions has
the effect of rewarding those who choose lower emission cars. However, it also
provides the Government with an easy mechanism for increasing the tax charge
year on year by making the emissions criteria stricter.
The appropriate percentage is set for a year for the relevant
threshold (95g/km). For 2017/18, the appropriate percentage for a car with CO2
emissions of 95g/km is 18% - For 2017/18, it was 16%.
Thereafter, the appropriate percentage is increased by 1%
for every 5g/km by which the CO2 emissions exceed the relevant threshold, to a
maximum of 37%. Diesel cars attract a 3% supplement on top of what the relevant
percentage is; however, the over percentage is capped at 37%.
Increasing the appropriate percentage each year means that a
company car driver will pay more tax in 2017/18 than in 2016/17 on the same
car, despite the fact it is a year older, has higher mileage and will have
generally depreciated.
Example
Max has a company car. It has CO2 emissions of 120g/km. The
car cost £30,000 when new. Max is a higher rate taxpayer.
In 2016/17, the appropriate percentage was 21% and in
2017/18 it was 23%. This means that the cash equivalent value of the benefit has increased from £6,300 for 2016/17 to £6,900
for 2017/18 and the associated tax bill has
increased from £2,520 to £2,760 – an increase of £240.
Fuel
A separate charge applies where fuel is provided for private
motoring in a company car. The amount taxed is the appropriate percentage as
determined for the purposes of the tax charge on the car multiplied by the
multiplier for the year, set at £22,600 for 2017/18. In the above example, if
Max were to receive fuel for private journeys, he would be taxed on a benefit
of £5,198 – a further tax bill of £2,079.20.
Unless private mileage is very high, employer-provided fuel
is rarely an efficient benefit.
Practical tip – Choosing
a cheaper low emission company car will minimise
the associated tax charge.
